Understanding the Contrast: SNP vs. Mutation

Two common genetics terms you’ll often see are SNP and mutation. While they’re related, they’re not the same.

A mutation refers to a change in DNA that is relatively rare and can significantly affect how a gene functions. These changes typically occur in less than 1% of the population and are more likely to be associated with genetic disorders or notable health effects.

A SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism, pronounced “snip”) is a specific type of DNA variation involving a change in a single building block of DNA. SNPs are common—found in more than 1% of the population—and usually have small or neutral effects on health, though some can influence traits or health risks in subtle ways.

In short:

• Mutations are rare DNA changes that often have larger effects
• SNPs are common variations that usually have minor or gradual impacts

SelfDecode primarily focuses on SNPs, as these common variations help explain differences in health, traits, and responses between individuals.

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